Faraday's Electromagnetic Induction Experiment
Example 6.1: Galvanometer Deflection and Current Detection
Experiment Overview
This interactive simulation demonstrates Michael Faraday's groundbreaking experiment that established the principle of electromagnetic induction. When the magnetic field through coil C₁ changes, it induces a current in coil C₂ that can be detected by either a galvanometer or a bulb.
Faraday's Law of Induction:
\[\mathcal{E} = -\frac{d\Phi_B}{dt}\]
Where \(\mathcal{E}\) is the electromotive force (EMF) and \(\Phi_B\) is the magnetic flux.
\[\mathcal{E} = -\frac{d\Phi_B}{dt}\]
Where \(\mathcal{E}\) is the electromotive force (EMF) and \(\Phi_B\) is the magnetic flux.
Experiment is stationary
Current Detector
Galvanometer
Deflection/Glow Intensity
0
Induced Current Direction
None
Relative EMF
0%
Key Observations from Faraday's Experiment
(a) Large deflection can be obtained by:
- Using a soft iron rod in coil C₂ (increases magnetic flux Φ)
- Connecting to a powerful battery (creates stronger initial magnetic field)
- Moving the arrangement rapidly (increases rate of change of flux dΦ/dt)
(b) Without galvanometer, a small bulb can be used that glows when current is induced, demonstrating the practical application of electromagnetic induction.
Faraday's innovative approaches in this experiment revolutionized our understanding of electromagnetism and paved the way for modern electrical technology.
